Population overview
Oldham County is home to roughly 1,783 people, making up about 0.01% of the total population of Texas. Within the West Texas region, it ranks #45 of 51 counties by population. The combination of 1,501 square miles of land and 1,783 residents yields a density of about 1.2 people per square mile — characteristic of rural and frontier Texas, with long distances between settlements and large stretches of working ranchland.
How Oldham County compares
Compared with the other 253 Texas counties, Oldham County sits in the bottom 25% of the population distribution. It belongs to the smaller end of Texas counties by population — typical of West Texas, the Panhandle, and the Trans-Pecos.
| Comparison | Population | vs Oldham |
|---|---|---|
| Oldham County | 1,783 | — |
| West Texas region average | 43,626 | +2347% |
| Texas county median | 18,916 | +961% |
| Largest in Texas (Harris) | 5,045,026 | +282852% |
Neighboring county populations
Oldham County shares borders with 4 counties. Comparing population across an adjacent corridor often reveals commuting patterns, school-district pull, and economic gravity.
| County | Seat | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|
| Potter County | Amarillo | 114,453 | 125.9 |
| Moore County | Dumas | 21,891 | 24.3 |
| Deaf Smith County | Hereford | 18,626 | 12.4 |
| Hartley County | Channing | 4,904 | 3.4 |
What the numbers mean
Oldham County's density of about 1.2 people per square mile is about 1% of the Texas statewide average of roughly 121. Put another way, there are about 539 acres of land for every resident.
Below about six people per square mile, a county is often described as "frontier." Residents may live many miles from a hospital or full-service grocery, and county government is a small operation where a few officials wear many hats.
Oldham County in statewide context
By population the county ranks 234th of 254; by land area it ranks 21st; and by density it ranks 240th. It has far more land than people compared with most Texas counties.
Texas's population is extremely concentrated: the ten largest counties hold well over half of all Texans, while more than 150 counties have fewer than 30,000 residents. Oldham County belongs to that large group of smaller counties.
About the data
Population figures on this page come from the U.S. Census Bureau. The decennial census provides the official count every ten years, and the Bureau's annual Population Estimates Program updates county totals between censuses. Land area comes from the Census Gazetteer and excludes water. Figures are rounded and may differ slightly from county or school district estimates that use other methods. See our methodology page for details.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Oldham County, Texas?+
Oldham County has an estimated population of 1,783 residents, based on the most recent U.S. Census data.
What is the population density of Oldham County?+
Oldham County has a population density of approximately 1.2 people per square mile across its 1,501 sq mi of land area — characteristic of a rural county.
Where does Oldham County rank among Texas counties by population?+
Oldham County ranks #234 out of 254 Texas counties by total population, accounting for roughly 0.01% of the state's total population.
What is the most populous county near Oldham County?+
Among the 4 counties bordering Oldham, Potter County is the most populous with about 114,453 residents.
How is Oldham County's population measured?+
Population figures are sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau — the decennial census and annual American Community Survey (ACS) population estimates. See our methodology for full sourcing.