Population overview
Randall County is home to roughly 152,351 people, making up about 0.48% of the total population of Texas. Within the West Texas region, it ranks #5 of 51 counties by population. The combination of 914 square miles of land and 152,351 residents yields a density of about 166.7 people per square mile — characteristic of small-town and exurban Texas, where towns are anchored by a county seat surrounded by working farmland and ranches.
How Randall County compares
Compared with the other 253 Texas counties, Randall County sits in the top 25% of the population distribution. It belongs to the upper tier of Texas counties — sizable enough to support diverse local services and infrastructure.
| Comparison | Population | vs Randall |
|---|---|---|
| Randall County | 152,351 | — |
| West Texas region average | 43,626 | -71% |
| Texas county median | 18,916 | -88% |
| Largest in Texas (Harris) | 5,045,026 | +3211% |
Neighboring county populations
Randall County shares borders with 5 counties. Comparing population across an adjacent corridor often reveals commuting patterns, school-district pull, and economic gravity.
| County | Seat | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|
| Potter County | Amarillo | 114,453 | 125.9 |
| Deaf Smith County | Hereford | 18,626 | 12.4 |
| Castro County | Dimmitt | 7,295 | 8.1 |
| Swisher County | Tulia | 6,703 | 7.4 |
| Armstrong County | Claude | 1,843 | 2.0 |
What the numbers mean
Randall County's density of about 166.7 people per square mile is 1.4 times the Texas statewide average of roughly 121. Put another way, there are about 4 acres of land for every resident.
At this density the county is anchored by one or two real towns, with farms and ranches between them. Hospitals, school districts and retail tend to concentrate in Canyon, which draws shoppers and workers from surrounding rural areas.
Randall County in statewide context
By population the county ranks 34th of 254; by land area it ranks 120th; and by density it ranks 37th. It punches above its size — more people than its land area alone would suggest.
Texas's population is extremely concentrated: the ten largest counties hold well over half of all Texans, while more than 150 counties have fewer than 30,000 residents. Randall County sits in the middle ground between the big metros and the rural majority.
About the data
Population figures on this page come from the U.S. Census Bureau. The decennial census provides the official count every ten years, and the Bureau's annual Population Estimates Program updates county totals between censuses. Land area comes from the Census Gazetteer and excludes water. Figures are rounded and may differ slightly from county or school district estimates that use other methods. See our methodology page for details.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Randall County, Texas?+
Randall County has an estimated population of 152,351 residents, based on the most recent U.S. Census data.
What is the population density of Randall County?+
Randall County has a population density of approximately 166.7 people per square mile across its 914 sq mi of land area — characteristic of a small-town / exurban county.
Where does Randall County rank among Texas counties by population?+
Randall County ranks #34 out of 254 Texas counties by total population, accounting for roughly 0.48% of the state's total population.
What is the most populous county near Randall County?+
Among the 5 counties bordering Randall, Potter County is the most populous with about 114,453 residents.
How is Randall County's population measured?+
Population figures are sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau — the decennial census and annual American Community Survey (ACS) population estimates. See our methodology for full sourcing.