Geography of Oldham County
Oldham County sits at roughly 35.41° N and 102.60° W in the West Texas region of Texas, spanning 1,501 square miles of terrain that includes the landscape characteristic of the area — from open ranchland and farmland to small-town main streets. The county's centroid is near Vega, and the county shares boundaries with 4 neighboring counties.
Population & demographics
With approximately 1,783 residents across 1,501 square miles, Oldham County has a population density of about 1.2 people per square mile. Like much of West and South Texas, the county is sparsely populated, with wide-open country between settlements.
County seat: Vega
Vega serves as the seat of government for Oldham County. The county courthouse, commissioners court, district clerk, and primary public records are located here. As with all 254 Texas counties, the county seat is the anchor of civic life and the principal address for elections, permits, and court filings.
History & name origin
Oldham County was established in 1876 and was named for Williamson Simpson Oldham, a Confederate Senator for Texas. It was carved from territory previously part of Bexar County.
Oldham County, Texas — frequently asked questions
Quick answers about Oldham County geography, population, county seat, neighboring counties, and how to use the maps on this page. Every answer is generated from the official U.S. Census data backing this site.
Where is Oldham County, Texas located?+
Oldham County is located in the West Texas region of Texas at approximately 35.405° N, 102.603° W. It is one of the 254 counties of Texas and carries U.S. Census FIPS code 48359. The interactive map on this page renders the official U.S. Census TIGER boundary for Oldham County over real-world OpenStreetMap, Esri satellite, and topographic basemaps.
How big is Oldham County in square miles?+
Oldham County covers approximately 1,501 square miles of land in the West Texas region — a large county by Texas standards. By land area it ranks 21st out of 254 Texas counties. The full bounding box of the county is rendered to scale on the interactive map and matches the U.S. Census TIGER 2023 polygon.
What is the population of Oldham County, Texas?+
Oldham County has a population of approximately 1,783 residents. With 1,501 square miles of land, that works out to a population density of about 1.2 people per square mile, which is sparsely populated for a Texas county. That makes Oldham County the 234th most populous of the 254 counties in Texas.
What is the county seat of Oldham County?+
Vega is the county seat of Oldham County, Texas, which was organized in 1876 and named for Williamson Simpson Oldham, a Confederate Senator for Texas. Oldham County was originally carved out of Bexar County. County government offices, courthouses, and most public records for Oldham County are located in Vega.
Which Texas counties border Oldham County?+
Oldham County shares borders with Moore, Hartley, Potter, and Deaf Smith counties. These 4 neighboring counties are highlighted on the schematic boundary map and linked at the bottom of this page so you can quickly compare population, area, and county seats across the West Texas region.
Where can I download or print a map of Oldham County?+
A free, print-ready PDF map of Oldham County is available from the "Download PDF" button at the top of this page. The printable layout uses authentic U.S. Census TIGER boundary geometry for Oldham County, includes a Texas locator inset, and is sized for standard 8.5" × 11" Letter paper. For interactive use, the live Leaflet map on this page supports OpenStreetMap, Esri satellite, Esri topographic, and Carto light basemaps with zoom, scale bar, and fullscreen.
What is the FIPS code for Oldham County, Texas?+
The full 5-digit U.S. Census FIPS code for Oldham County is 48359, made up of Texas state code 48 and the 3-digit county code 359. This is the same FIPS code used by the U.S. Census Bureau TIGER/Line files, the American Community Survey, and most federal datasets that key on county.