Population overview
Taylor County is home to roughly 150,077 people, making up about 0.47% of the total population of Texas. Within the Central Texas region, it ranks #10 of 76 counties by population. The combination of 916 square miles of land and 150,077 residents yields a density of about 163.8 people per square mile — characteristic of small-town and exurban Texas, where towns are anchored by a county seat surrounded by working farmland and ranches.
How Taylor County compares
Compared with the other 253 Texas counties, Taylor County sits in the top 25% of the population distribution. It belongs to the upper tier of Texas counties — sizable enough to support diverse local services and infrastructure.
| Comparison | Population | vs Taylor |
|---|---|---|
| Taylor County | 150,077 | — |
| Central Texas region average | 81,016 | -46% |
| Texas county median | 18,916 | -87% |
| Largest in Texas (Harris) | 5,045,026 | +3262% |
Neighboring county populations
Taylor County shares borders with 5 counties. Comparing population across an adjacent corridor often reveals commuting patterns, school-district pull, and economic gravity.
| County | Seat | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jones County | Anson | 20,861 | 22.4 |
| Callahan County | Baird | 14,491 | 16.1 |
| Nolan County | Sweetwater | 14,117 | 15.5 |
| Runnels County | Ballinger | 9,693 | 9.2 |
| Coleman County | Coleman | 7,915 | 6.2 |
What the numbers mean
Taylor County's density of about 163.8 people per square mile is 1.4 times the Texas statewide average of roughly 121. Put another way, there are about 4 acres of land for every resident.
At this density the county is anchored by one or two real towns, with farms and ranches between them. Hospitals, school districts and retail tend to concentrate in Abilene, which draws shoppers and workers from surrounding rural areas.
Taylor County in statewide context
By population the county ranks 35th of 254; by land area it ranks 117th; and by density it ranks 39th. It punches above its size — more people than its land area alone would suggest.
Texas's population is extremely concentrated: the ten largest counties hold well over half of all Texans, while more than 150 counties have fewer than 30,000 residents. Taylor County sits in the middle ground between the big metros and the rural majority.
About the data
Population figures on this page come from the U.S. Census Bureau. The decennial census provides the official count every ten years, and the Bureau's annual Population Estimates Program updates county totals between censuses. Land area comes from the Census Gazetteer and excludes water. Figures are rounded and may differ slightly from county or school district estimates that use other methods. See our methodology page for details.
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Taylor County, Texas?+
Taylor County has an estimated population of 150,077 residents, based on the most recent U.S. Census data.
What is the population density of Taylor County?+
Taylor County has a population density of approximately 163.8 people per square mile across its 916 sq mi of land area — characteristic of a small-town / exurban county.
Where does Taylor County rank among Texas counties by population?+
Taylor County ranks #35 out of 254 Texas counties by total population, accounting for roughly 0.47% of the state's total population.
What is the most populous county near Taylor County?+
Among the 5 counties bordering Taylor, Jones County is the most populous with about 20,861 residents.
How is Taylor County's population measured?+
Population figures are sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau — the decennial census and annual American Community Survey (ACS) population estimates. See our methodology for full sourcing.