Population overview
Jefferson County is home to roughly 254,321 people, making up about 0.80% of the total population of Texas. Within the Gulf Coast region, it ranks #5 of 7 counties by population. The combination of 904 square miles of land and 254,321 residents yields a density of about 281.3 people per square mile — typical of suburban Texas, with a mix of subdivisions, commercial corridors, and remaining rural land.
How Jefferson County compares
Compared with the other 253 Texas counties, Jefferson County sits in the top 10% of the population distribution. It belongs to the upper tier of Texas counties — sizable enough to support diverse local services and infrastructure.
| Comparison | Population | vs Jefferson |
|---|---|---|
| Jefferson County | 254,321 | — |
| Gulf Coast region average | 1,022,840 | +302% |
| Texas county median | 18,916 | -93% |
| Largest in Texas (Harris) | 5,045,026 | +1884% |
Neighboring county populations
Jefferson County shares borders with 4 counties. Comparing population across an adjacent corridor often reveals commuting patterns, school-district pull, and economic gravity.
| County | Seat | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|
| Liberty County | Liberty | 121,364 | 104.6 |
| Orange County | Orange | 86,266 | 242.3 |
| Hardin County | Kountze | 58,723 | 65.7 |
| Chambers County | Anahuac | 57,594 | 96.2 |
Frequently asked questions
What is the population of Jefferson County, Texas?+
Jefferson County has an estimated population of 254,321 residents, based on the most recent U.S. Census data.
What is the population density of Jefferson County?+
Jefferson County has a population density of approximately 281.3 people per square mile across its 904 sq mi of land area — characteristic of a suburban county.
Where does Jefferson County rank among Texas counties by population?+
Jefferson County ranks #22 out of 254 Texas counties by total population, accounting for roughly 0.80% of the state's total population.
What is the most populous county near Jefferson County?+
Among the 4 counties bordering Jefferson, Liberty County is the most populous with about 121,364 residents.
How is Jefferson County's population measured?+
Population figures are sourced from the U.S. Census Bureau — the decennial census and annual American Community Survey (ACS) population estimates. See our methodology for full sourcing.